imported>Stwikiadmin at 16:52, 23 May 2016

2016-05-23T16:52:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:52, 23 May 2016
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	{\| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; margin-left: auto; float:right"		{\| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; margin-left: auto; float:right"
	\| [[Chemistry]]:		\| [[Chemistry]], [[Earth Science]]:
	\| Super Saturated Solutions		\| Super Saturated Solutions, Crystal Formation
	\|-		\|-
	\| Grade Range:		\| Grade Range:
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	\|-		\|-
	\| Format:		\| Format:
	\| [[Stage]]		\| [[Hands-on]], [[Stage]]
	\|}		\|}

	~~'''''~~This demonstration is ~~under construction'''''~~		This demonstration is easy to set up and easy to present. This demonstration can be redone every 15-20 minutes, and after preparing the solution it can be reused for months at a time.

	== Materials ==		== Materials ==

	* Sodium Acetate ~~Seed Crystals~~		* Sodium Acetate
	* Sodium Acetate Solution (in 250mL Erlenmeyer Flask)		* Sodium Acetate Solution (in 250mL Erlenmeyer Flask)
	* Water		* Ice Water
	* Hot Plate		* Hot Plate
	* Watch Glass or Similar		* Watch Glass or Similar
Line 24:		Line 24:
	Please read the Liquid Chemical section of the [[Demonstration Safety]] page before performing this demonstration.		Please read the Liquid Chemical section of the [[Demonstration Safety]] page before performing this demonstration.

	This demonstration requires: Goggles		This demonstration requires: Goggles, gloves (during preparation)

	== Demonstration ==		== Demonstration ==

	Preparation: If the sodium acetate solution is crystallized~~, warm~~ it on the hot plate ~~set to medium (4-5)~~ for 20-30 minutes. ~~If needed, add~~ water ~~during this process~~ to ~~keep~~ the ~~volume in~~ the ~~flask close to 200mL, but not more than~~.		;Preparation:
			Prepare the Sodium Acetate Solution: measure out 65mL of the sodium acetate and pour into the volumetric flask. Add water to fill it to the 200mL line, and heat the solution while stirring until all the crystals dissolve into the solution, about 30 minutes. If there is trouble with getting all the crystals to dissolve, then add water in small 3-5mL increments. Once all the crystals have dissolved, add a small pinch more of the crystals and dissolve them into it. Remove the solution from heat and cork it, and allow the solution to cool slowly to room temperature. Keep stored in a chemical cabinet and label it with the date it was prepared.
	# Ask the audience of any of them have ever seen stalagmites or stalactites in person. ~~How do~~ they form?		;Presentation (Stage):
	# Show the flask and mention that the solution inside is a super saturated solution. Set out the watch glass with a small seed crystal in the center. Carefully start pouring the solution directly on top of the seed crystal. You should see a stalagmite start to form!		''Prior to presenting, if the solution is crystallized then reheat it on the hot plate for 10-15 minutes to remelt it. Set the solution carefully into a bowl with ice water to cool it. It can be kept in the ice water at the start of the show.''
	# Try to pour out the entire solution ~~carefully~~ and create a large stalagmite. The solution is sensitive ~~to shaking~~, so it might crystallize inside the flask as you are pouring!		# Ask the audience of any of them have ever seen stalagmites or stalactites in person. Can anyone guess how they form?
	# ~~Ask~~ the audience for ~~thoughts on why~~ it ~~crystallized~~. ~~Explain~~ the ~~demonstration~~.		# Show the flask and mention that the solution inside is a super saturated solution. Set out the watch glass with a small seed crystal in the center, and ask the audience What they think might happen if if poured out the solution.
			# Carefully start pouring the solution directly on top of the seed crystal. You should see a stalagmite start to form! Try to pour out the entire solution and create a large stalagmite. The solution is very sensitive, so it might crystallize inside the flask as you are pouring!
			# Alert the audience that not only did the solution crystallize, but it also heated up as it did so. Why would it heat up? Why did it crystallize?
			;Presentation (Hands-on):
			''Prior to presenting, if the solution is crystallized then reheat it on the hot plate for 10-15 minutes to remelt it. Set the solution carefully into a bowl with ice water to cool it. It can be kept in the ice water at the start of the show.''
			# Show the students the flask, and ask them what the solution inside looks like (most will say water, they might note some slight discoloration). Let a student feel the flask and note that it is currently cold, like the ice water.
			# Shake the solution and set it down quickly onto the table. Tell the students to watch the solution. They will see small snowflake crystals form, and from there the whole solution will crystallize in under a minute!
			# Ask the same student from before to feel the outside of the container, and ask them if the flask is now warmer or cooler. Why is it warmer? What caused the solution to crystallize?

	== Why This Works ==		== Why This Works ==

	~~===Short Explanation===~~		''Super Saturated Solutions'' are solutions that contain more of a dissolved compound than they would normally be able to contain. This often happens when a solvent, like water, is first heated before a solute, like our sodium acetate, is added to it. If you add in enough of the solute until the solvent almost cannot contain more of it, and the solution is then allowed to cool while undisturbed, then the solute will stay in solution. The solution, however, has a lot of stored energy due to the excess solute, and it wants to release that energy. In order to release it, however, it needs to have an ''Activation Energy'', or energy come in from an outside source in order to kick-start the process. Along with the activation energy, the solution might require a ''seed crystal'', or a small crystal to provide a starting point for the crystallization process.
	This is ~~where you would provide~~ a ~~basic~~, ~~easy-~~to~~-understand explanation~~ of the ~~demonstration~~. ~~Try not~~ to ~~use too much "Science Jargon"~~, and ~~if needed add any explanation tips~~, ~~like comparing~~ the ~~demo~~ to ~~something kids are familiar with~~.

	~~===Full Explanation===~~		When the solution is poured out onto the watch glass, the small amount of energy given from being poured out, along with the seed crystal on the watch glass, is enough to trigger the crystallization. The solution can also start to crystallize inside the flask if there is enough activation energy, such as when the bottle is shaken. Lastly, the solution can crystallize if any of the solvent were to evaporate away and cause the concentration to be too high to stay in solution, which is why the solution crystallizes on its own if left open for extended periods!
	~~This~~ is ~~where you will explain~~ the ~~demonstration in full~~, ~~and provide all additional information that pertains to~~ the ~~demo. Unlike~~ the ~~short explanation above~~, ~~this should be worded so someone who~~ is ~~familiar with~~ the ~~topics might understand it~~. ~~If needed, you~~ can ~~provide equations and citations for additional sources of information on~~ the ~~topic. This~~ is ~~also where you will find some answers for trickier questions~~, such as ~~"How does a plane fly upside-down?" for~~ the ~~Bernoulli's Principle demo~~. ~~If you want~~ to ~~add a floating box for equations~~, ~~copy~~ the ~~following:~~

	~~{\| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; text-align: center; margin: auto"~~		In a cave or cavern, stalagmites and stalactites can form due to minerals coming out of the water in the cave. The water in a cave can have very high concentrations of various minerals, to the point of supersaturation. As water drips from a cave ceiling, it may leave behind a small mineral crystal on the ceiling. Over time, the mineral deposits can build on top of each other, and eventually form a stalactite. Likewise, as water drips onto the floor of the cave, the impact with the floor may cause a mineral to crystallize out of solution. Over time, these drops can build on top of each other to create a stalagmite!
	~~\| This will give you~~
	\| a ~~floating box~~.
	\|-
	\| The ~~box will be~~
	~~\| centered for you~~.
	\|}

	== Additional Information ==		== Additional Information ==

	* ~~Any extra tidbits~~ that ~~do not fit into other sections~~		* Supersaturated solutions of sodium acetate are commonly used in reusable hot packs! The packs will have a small metal disc inside that you can snap to act as a seed crystal, and to reuse them you simply reheat them in hot water and let them cool.
	* This demonstration is a part of the ~~(insert~~ [[~~Stage~~ Show]] ~~here)~~		* This demonstration is a part of the [[Fire and Ice Show]]

imported>Stwikiadmin: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; margin-left: auto; float:right" | Chemistry: | Super Saturated Solutions |- | Grade Range: | [[Elementary Scho..."

2016-05-05T13:58:43Z

Created page with "{| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; margin-left: auto; float:right" | Chemistry: | Super Saturated Solutions |- | Grade Range: | [[Elementary Scho..."

New page

{| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; margin-left: auto; float:right"
| [[Chemistry]]:
| Super Saturated Solutions
|-
| Grade Range:
| [[Elementary School]], [[Middle School]], [[High School]]
|-
| Format:
| [[Stage]]
|}

'''''This demonstration is under construction'''''

== Materials ==

* Sodium Acetate Seed Crystals
* Sodium Acetate Solution (in 250mL Erlenmeyer Flask)
* Water
* Hot Plate
* Watch Glass or Similar

== Safety Precautions ==

Please read the Liquid Chemical section of the [[Demonstration Safety]] page before performing this demonstration.

This demonstration requires: Goggles

== Demonstration ==

Preparation: If the sodium acetate solution is crystallized, warm it on the hot plate set to medium (4-5) for 20-30 minutes. If needed, add water during this process to keep the volume in the flask close to 200mL, but not more than.

# Ask the audience of any of them have ever seen stalagmites or stalactites in person. How do they form?
# Show the flask and mention that the solution inside is a super saturated solution. Set out the watch glass with a small seed crystal in the center. Carefully start pouring the solution directly on top of the seed crystal. You should see a stalagmite start to form!
# Try to pour out the entire solution carefully and create a large stalagmite. The solution is sensitive to shaking, so it might crystallize inside the flask as you are pouring!
# Ask the audience for thoughts on why it crystallized. Explain the demonstration.

== Why This Works ==

===Short Explanation===
This is where you would provide a basic, easy-to-understand explanation of the demonstration. Try not to use too much "Science Jargon", and if needed add any explanation tips, like comparing the demo to something kids are familiar with.

===Full Explanation===
This is where you will explain the demonstration in full, and provide all additional information that pertains to the demo. Unlike the short explanation above, this should be worded so someone who is familiar with the topics might understand it. If needed, you can provide equations and citations for additional sources of information on the topic. This is also where you will find some answers for trickier questions, such as "How does a plane fly upside-down?" for the Bernoulli's Principle demo. If you want to add a floating box for equations, copy the following:

{| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; text-align: center; margin: auto"
| This will give you
| a floating box.
|-
| The box will be
| centered for you.
|}

== Additional Information ==

* Any extra tidbits that do not fit into other sections
* This demonstration is a part of the (insert [[Stage Show]] here)

Hot Ice - Revision history

imported>Stwikiadmin at 16:52, 23 May 2016

imported>Stwikiadmin: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ddd; margin-left: auto; float:right" | Chemistry: | Super Saturated Solutions |- | Grade Range: | [[Elementary Scho..."